Turbine-engine.



'No.7`|5,753. Patented Dec. I6, '19.62.

' E. AF. CAMERON. TURBI'NE ENGINE.

(Application flied May 10, 1902.)

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(Applcatiuled Hay 10, 1902.)

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UNITED 'STATES PATENT FFICE.

EDWARD F.-CAMERON, OFIELENA, MONTANA.

TURBINE-ENGINE.

SPECIFICATION forming partof Letters Patent N o. 715,753, dated December 16, 1902.

' Application filed May 10, 1902. Serial No. 106,821. (No model.)

.To tuV whom/it may concern:

Be it known that I, EDWARD F. CAMERON, a citizen of the United States, residing at Helena, in the county of Lewis and Clarke and State of Montana, have invented cert-ain new and useful Improvements in Turbine-Engines; and I do declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the invention, such as will enable others skilled in the" art to which itappertains to make and use the same, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, and to the letters of 'reference marked thereon, which form a part of this specification.

This inventionrelates to new and useful improvements in turbine-engines in which` any expansive iiuid may be used, the force of which is exerted against disks rotating in opposite directions, means being provided for admitting the expansive Huid adjacent to the center of the disks and allowing for theex-A pansion of the same toward the peripheries of the disks after vpassing alternately between blades in the disks disposed at angles to each other and through passage-ways leading back and forth through the series of disks to the exhaust-chamber.

appended claims, and is illustrated in theaccompanying drawings, which, with the letters of reference marked thereon, form a part of this application, and in which drawings similar letters of reference indicate like parts in l the several views, in which-- Figure lis a vertical central section through l a turbine constructed in accordance with my invention. Fig. 2 is a cross-sectional view on line 2 2 of Fig. 1. Fig. 3 is a side elevation of one of the `rotary disks which is keyed to the main operating-shaft; and Fig. 4 is a view of a disk of a different form interposed between each of the disks,which are keyed to the main operating-shaft. Fig. 5 is a cross-sectional vjiew showing the relative positions of the blades of the two sets of disks.

Reference now being had to the details of the drawings by letter, A designates an operating-shaft,'which is journaled in a hollow shaft B, mounted in suitable bearings in the lower portion of the casing'C, and D designates the upper portion of the casing, which is fastened to the lower portion in any suitable manner to inclose the operative parts of the turbine. Keyed to said shaft is a series of disks E, a detail View of one of said disks being shown in Fig. 3 of the drawings, in which an annular recessed portion E' is formed on either face thereof about the central bore, and each disk E is made up of four series of blades or vanes of varying length extending in radial directions. Interposed between each of said disks E is a circular washer H, forming a chamber between each of the disks E beyond the circumferences of said disks, and K K designate disks which are disposed one in each of said chambers and are bolted together at their outer ends by means of a bolt L. (Shown clearly in Fig. l of the drawings.) Each of said disks K is made up of four series of blades or vanes K', which are disposed, preferably, at angles of ,seventy-five degrees to the axis of the turbine and substantially at right angles to the blades or vanes of the adjacent disks. The blades or vanes on the disks K are of the same relative length asthe adjacent blades in the other series of disks, thus forming from the inlet end N gradually-increasing passageways back and forth through the various series of blades or disks,th'us allowing for ample expanding at the peripheries of the disks.

Mounted to rotate with the series of disks which are bolted together are the shells Q and R, the former of which is provided with an annular flange Q', having an annular recess Q between which fiange and a circular flange D on the inner faces of the sections of the casing is interposed a packing-ring d. Said shell Q has a chambered portion Q2, which extends over the outlet end of the passageway through the second series of blades and the inlet to the third series, whereby the eX- pansive iiuid issuing from the second series may be deflected through the three series of altern ately-arran ged blades or vanes, and the shell R is provided with two chambere'd portions R and R2, the former of which serves to direct the expansive fluid which emerges from the inner passage-way nearest the shaft and formed by the alternately arranged blades into the second series of blades, as shown, while the second chambered portion R2 is provided to direct the expansive iiuid ICO which comes through the series from the chamber Q2 into the outer series of blades nearest the periphery. After the expansive fluid issues from the outer passage-Way it enters the exhaust-chamberT, from which chamber it may be conveyed away through any suitable port. The inletS communicates with said annular recess QX, whereby the expan-A sive luid may be directed through nozzles S into the passage-way formed by the inner series of alternately-arranged blades adjacent to the circumference of said washers. Said shells Q and R may be formed integral with or secured to the hollow shaft B, and suitable packing-rings J are interposed between said hollow shaft and the casing as well as between the shells and the adjacent.- disks.

From the foregoing it will be observed that by the provision of a turbine embodying the principle of my invention two series of disks are so combined that no parts of the same are stationary when acted upon by the steam or other expansive Huid, hence reducing to a minimum the loss of energy, and each disk will receive a uniform thrust, whereby each series of disks are balanced, and by the provision of the passage-way for the expansive iuid, gradually increasing from its inlet to the exhaust outlet, a large ratio of expansion is allowed.

By the provision of an engine embodying my improvements in which the main shaft operates in one direction and the hollow shaft in the opposite the engine maybe applied for various purposes, as for driving dynamos and machinery of various kinds for driving meehaxism in opposite directions.

Having thus fully described my invention, what I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is

1. A turbine-engine provided with two alternate sets ot rotatable disks, each having concentric series of radiating vanes, the vanes adjacent to each other in the series of the alternate sets disposed at angles to one another, and forming a series of passage-ways through the disks, and shells making said passageways continuous from the inlet to the exhaust adjacent to the circumferences of the disks, as set forth.

2. A turbine comprising in combination with a central shaft, disks spaced apart and keyed thereto, each disk havingaconcentric series of radiating vanes each series gradually increasing in length through the disks, a second set of disks having a concentric series of radiating vanes rotating together, the vanes adjacent to each other in the two sets being at angles to one another, and means for directing an expansive Huid from the passage-way formed by the inner of the outer series of vanes, as set forth.

3. A turbine-engine comprising in combination with a central shaft, disks spaced apart and keyed thereto, each disk having a concentric series of radiating vanes gradually increasing in length in each passage-way through the disks, a second set of disks having a concentric series of radiating vanes rotating together, the vanes adjacent to each other in the two sets being at angles to one another, shells having chambers through which the expansive duid is caused to pass through the passage-way formed by all of said series of vanes, as set forth.

4. A turbine-engine comprising in combination with a central shaft, disks spaced apart and keyed thereto, each disk having a concentric series of radiating vanes gradually increasing in length in each passage-way through the disks, a second set of disks having a concentric series of radiating vanes rotating together, the vanes adjacent to each other in the two sets being at angles to one another, shells having chambers through which an expansive iiuid is caused to pass through the passage-way formed by all of said series of vanes, and a hollow shaft rotating with said shell and second set of disks, as set forth.

5. A turbine-engine comprising a central solid shaft, a series of disks keyed thereto, washers interposed between said disks, the latter having concentric series of radiating vanes gradually increasing in length in each passage-way through the disks, partitions in each disk intermediate each series of vanes, a second set of disks having concentric series of radiating vanes disposed about the circumference of said washers when intermediate the rst set of disks, and provided with partitions between each series of disks, a hollow shaft in which said solid shaft is mounted, and shell-sections integral with the hollow shaft and with chambered portions which are fastened to and adapted to rotate with said second set of disks, a nozzle for directing an expansive iiuid into the inlet passageway formed by the inner series of vanes, as set forth.

In testimony whereof I ax my signature in presence of two witnesses.

EDWARD F. CAMERON.

Witnesses:

T. L. MARTIN, J. A. GILLAN.

IOS) 

